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APA Citation Style 7th Edition

This guide will help you with formatting your citations according to the APA guidelines.

About Citing Secondary Sources

 

You may find that an author writes about research conducted by someone else. 

You should try to find and read the original research yet that may be difficult.  

In these instances you will have to cite the source that you have read that refers to other research. 

The words “as cited in” writing in the in-text reference will indicate you have not read the original research.

Secondary Sources

 

General Format

In-Text Citation (Paraphrase):
(Author Surname, Year qtd. as cited in Author Surname [of the source you read], Year)
In-Text Citation (Quotation):
(Author Surname, Year qtd. as cited in Author Surname [of the source you read], Year, page number)
References:
Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial [of the source you read]. (Year). Book title: Publisher
 
Example
 
In-Text Citation (Paraphrase):
Watkin's 1989 study (as cited in Clinton, 2006) found that chimps cling to facsimilies of their parent but do not develop attachment depth as they do with their natural parent.
References:
Do not include Watkins'(1989) in your References; include Clinton (2006). 

Learn More

 

The Online Writing Lab at Purdue University offers an online resource which can be used in some cases.  However, it does not include everything required for citing sources in one place.

The APA citation style does not cover Canadian government sources, and has only a limited section on American government resources.

Please refer to the staff at the Library Reference Desk for clarification when citing Canadian government sources.