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Some instructors may have additional or specialized requirements for your citations.
For example, if you are taking a Child, Youth and Family Studies (CYFS) program, you need to check your book Cites and Sources.
Always be aware of class requirements- check with your instructor if you're not sure!
American Psychological Association (APA) style is used for citing references you use for your papers in science and social science courses, such as:
APA style provides rules for formatting:
The purpose of citing your references is to:
This online guide is based on the APA Manual (7th ed.), 2020.
Your instructor may give you specific instructions on format or style. Always make sure you follow your instructor's guidelines.
Check out this tutorial from UTSA Libraries!
The template and content in this guide is adapted from many sources including the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, APA Style Blog , Red Deer College Library, Zayed University, and Thompson Rivers University Library.
The Online Writing Lab at Purdue University offers an online resource which can be used in some cases. However, it does not include everything required for citing sources in one place.
The APA citation style does not cover Canadian government sources, and has only a limited section on American government resources.
Please refer to the staff at the Library Reference Desk for clarification when citing Canadian government sources.